Urgent action must be taken now by the international community to protect civilians during this turbulent period in Sudan. Over the next twelve months, there is a real opportunity to help the people of Sudan chart a peaceful and more prosperous future in which basic human rights are guaranteed and upheld. However, without adequate preparation, the upcoming national elections and referendum could re-ignite conflict between the north and the south. The international community should use its influence to press the parties to resolve outstanding issues and prevent a return to all-out conflict.
Today, with only one year left until a referendum that will shape the future of Africa's largest country – as the southern region votes on whether to separate from the North – all-out conflict threatens to return to Sudan. The 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) put an end to Africa’s longest-running civil war in which over 2 million people lost their lives. Serious conflict looms and civilians are increasingly at risk of attack.
In South Sudan, 2009 was the most violent year since the peace agreement was signed, with over 2,500 killed and 350,000 displaced in southern Sudan. In the western region of Darfur, seven years after the conflict erupted millions continue to suffer daily in camps.
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